Jeff Hoffman

Every row is a share of the same 234 batters faced, so the lengths are directly comparable. Other outs are derived — batters faced less hits, walks and strikeouts — and a batter who reached on an error is counted among them. The mark on each row is what a regular does — 256 pitchers with at least 200 batters faced this season, pooled.

ERA and WHIP share one scale but measure different things — compare each line with itself across seasons; the vertical gap between the two is not a performance margin.

Raw season totals, not per-game rates. Playing time and season length affect every bar, so a shorter bar does not necessarily mean worse rate performance.